by Richard Adams Locke
First published in the New York Sun, August to September 1835
Published in Amazing Stories, September 1926, pp. 556-.
INTRODUCTION. The Moon Hoax, published several generations ago, was perhaps the greatest scientific hoax that was ever perpetrated upon a credulous public. At that time, when there were no cables and no radio, and communication was slow, it was a simple matter to spring such a hoax, where today it would not last 24 hours, because verification or denial would speedily be brought about.
Nevertheless the author of The Moon Hoax wrote a charming story that will live forever. In it there is excellent science, but in many spots we believe the author purposely “planted” a number of obvious mistakes, which should have been spotted at once by those well versed in science of the day. This, however, did not occur, and the story was swallowed “hook, line, and sinker.” See how many mistakes you can find!
Many moon stories have been published since The Moon Hoax, but this remains one of the finest pieces of imagination that has ever appeared.
Almost 91 years ago, in August 1835, what may be termed a classic hoax was perpetuated upon the public. At that time the younger Herschel, the famous astronomer, was at the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and the hoax described the erection of a gigantic telescope, under his auspices, powerful enough to identify the poppies which were supposed to grow upon the moon. The story was accepted by thousands of people as the truth. We give (at the end of story) quotations from newspapers of the period, showing that the editors of the day in many cases commented upon it as absolutely credible and authentic. But it was not long before its true nature was ascertained and the hoax received the title which it has borne ever since—“The Moon Hoax.” It has been reprinted in extenso with comments, over and over again.
We take pleasure in presenting our readers with the full text.
In August 1835, the New York Sun, at that time a paper of rather small circulation, published a description of alleged discoveries in the moon, made by means of a gigantic telescope. The article was published in daily installments during the last week of August 1835, and excited widespread attention and for all its absurdities was accepted as literally true by a great number of people in this country. The circulation of the paper at once increased, it is said to some 50,000, which in those days was a very large figure.
We have had in our hands the original copies of the 90-year-old paper, in which the Hoax appeared—a little four-page production, containing certainly a minimum of news, a large percentage of advertisements, and all printed in quite small type. The successive installments of the article began in each issue on the front page on the right, with a very inconspicuous heading, for the New York Sun of three generations ago was quite innocent of the use of our present-day scare-heads. The article was written by Richard Adams Locke, a well-known newspaper writer of those days, who managed in spite of numerous blunders—intentional perhaps?—and impossibilities given in the text, to produce a wonderfully picturesque article.
The 24-foot lens of the telescope required a high degree of credibility to be believed in, but when we are told that achromatism was reached by running two kinds of molten glass simultaneously into the mold, the absurdity is so manifest, that it is a wonder that Locke had dared to write it.
“Perfectly square” crystals are pronounced to be amethyst; this mineral is never square, but hexagonal.
The paper is said to have been published in a supplement of the Edinburgh Journal of Science which in 1835 had ceased to be issued under that name. Then the identification of flowers in the moon, the description of the peculiar formation of the eyelids of animals there, and a mass of other absurdities are such patent impossibilities, that it seems incredible that the story was believed by thousands of people. But perhaps the worst detail of all is a rather involved attempt to describe the magnification and projection of the focal image and its illumination, as if that were possible, by the oxy-hydrogen light, which curious suggestion, is supposed to have made Sir David Brewster leap halfway to the ceiling with delight. This alone should have sufficed to show the absurdity of the whole.
One curious thing is a coincidence, which approaches prophesy. The lens is described as 24 feet (288 inches) in diameter. Within a few days of this writing a report has been published that a 300-inch reflecting telescope is proposed for the Mount Wilson observatory; a reflecting mirror a foot greater in diameter than the fictitious refracting lens of the Moon Hoax.
Another such coincidence is that the telescope had no tube and this is in line with the modern construction of reflecting instruments. The telescope of the Moon Hoax, as far as the somewhat confused account can be understood, was a combined refracting and reflecting instrument. The 24-foot objective was described as a refracting lens, with an average thickness of about 2½ inches.
The lens was supposed to have been cast on January 27, 1834, to have been taken out of the mold not over 10 days later, and to have been finished and shipped on a vessel for the Cape of Good Hope about eight months later. This would have been a wonderful record for speed of production.
1. Great Astronomical Discoveries
Lately made by Sir John Herschel, L.L.D., F.R.S., etc. at the Cape of Good Hope. First published in the New York Sun in August and September, 1835, from the supplement to the Edinburgh Journal of Science
In this unusual addition to our Journal, we have the happiness of making known to the British public, and thence to the whole civilized world, recent discoveries in astronomy which will build an imperishable monument to the age in which we live, and confer upon the present generation of the human race a proud distinction through all future time. It has been poetically said, that the stars of heaven are the hereditary regalia of man, as the intellectual sovereign of the animal creation. He may now fold the zodiac around him with a loftier consciousness of his mental supremacy.